Homemade emp protection. Place a layer of corrugated cardboard sheets above the. Homemade emp protection

 
 Place a layer of corrugated cardboard sheets above theHomemade emp protection  To create a simple electromagnetic pulse, you will need a disposable camera, copper wire, rubber gloves, solder and soldering tools, and an iron rod

Start small and work your way up by adding more panels over time. This is a major “sticking point” that. Introducing The Nest-z Emp Bag. EMP Cloth. This is the largest EMF radiation shielding blanket on the market, making it suitable for babies and adults alike. Step-by-Step Instructions: Closing Thoughts. military report, the explosion of a bomb about one megaton in size (the exact size remains classified) eight hundred miles over Omaha, Nebraska, would shower the continental United States, southern Canada, and. 2 – 5 February 2019 Guidelines are subject to change and only represent the views of the NCC. Check out these anti-aging solutions to maintain a youthful look!Tesla’s are not EMP-proof. Check out these anti-aging solutions to maintain a youthful look!protect and prepare the homeland against EMP attacks and naturally occurring GMD caused by solar activity. An EMP of about 5,600 volts/meter from the blast disabled at least six satellites and a few hundred streetlights in Hawaii. Solar Power Ferrite Bundle $ 430. A Faraday Cage allows an electrical charge to go around the container. )The HNG80 is made of closely-knitted polyester netting which offers protection against high-frequency electromagnetic radiation and low-frequency electric fields due to its highly conductive surface. Others say that a Faraday cage won’t do much good against EMP. 1. Version 2. Emp Seattle. Fortunately, EMP protection has been studied by Dennis Bodson, W4PWF, and effective mitigation strategies published in QST. Kearny Fallout Meter (KFMs) This is actually one of the cheapest and most reliable meters that you can keep on hand to detect nuclear radiation as a matter of daily living as well as during a crisis. Be ready for an EMP & protect your electronics with a DIY Faraday cage. This is great to do at night while people are sleeping and the WiFI is not needed. EMP Hardening Advantages of Gasification Based Smart Microgrids Properly designed and operated distributed generation systems, configured as smart microgrids, offer inherently reduced vulnerability to EMP damage relative traditional transmission line dependent power grids. This will allow you to keep your phone on, and still protect you against your phone’s EMF emissions while you sleep. That is to buy a spare computer for the car, as well as all of the car’s other electronics (sensors, modules, etc. Follow the few steps and you got yourself your own EMP to disable or destroy electronic devices (this EMP is only strong enough to destroy a calculator). One liter will cover 5 square meters with two coats (54 square feet). While all of that may sound a little scary, militaries, and even you have the ability to protect against EMP attacks, though due to the restrictivity of the protection, it's not widely used unless. 72" Inner Diameter High-Saturation Ferrites. Also available in this larger size 20 Gallon size. The two U. 100% Lightning Guarantee Backed By a $25,000 Insurance Policy. Faraday fabric is often also called EMP cloth, as it helps to protect your devices from both natural and deliberate electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) such as power surges, lightning, solar flares, nuclear explosions, EMP bombs and other electromagnetic pulses that can damage or fry your electronics. Fit the rubber tub firmly inside the steel bucket and close the bucket with the lid. We've had tons of customers asking how to properly shield their routers. This is an enclosure that can be used to keep electromagnetic fields from penetrating. 3 flash circuits (from disposable camreas) 3. John McAfee, IB Times UK Oct 7, 2015 ( selected excerpts for post)Emp Protection can be cheap and easy! I hope this guide will be helpful and invite you to read the entire EMP Protection article at our site:mitigation is generally ancillary to "EMP-in-a-Box"; it is added to provide E3 protection outside of the "EMP-in-a-Box" enclosure. A Faraday Cage is a metal box designed to protect any items inside from an EMP attack. 00. For informational purposes only. Don’t worry though, I’ll cover all the different ways to protect against WiFi in this article. Microgrid advantages include:This is just chapter 5, as the rest of he course is not relevant. The emergence of 5G technology requires innovative steps as well. The consistency of this paint makes it convenient to spray, brush, or roll for easy application. In this guide, I’ll explain how you can harness Aluminum foil’s properties in order to protect yourself from harmful EMF. An EMP or E lectro M agnetic P ulse is a wave of electromagnetic radiation. On one side, a Faraday cage could protect sensitive equipment from EMP. An Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) is a high-intensity burst of electromagnetic energy that can damage or destroy electronic devices. . Okay friends, start by taking apart your bug zapper racket using your screwdriver. Things You Should Know Wrap up your phone, alternating between layers of plastic wrap and tin foil. If you are in a vehicle, stop safely, and duck down within the vehicle. Level 2 EMP protection involves having systems in place to safeguard and protect critical equipment from vulnerabilities, in the most cost-effective way, where complete EMP facility shielding etc. . EMP protection for vehicles, including cars and trucks, is essential to ensure their continued operation in the event of an EMP incident. An EMP Shield reacts in 500 trillionths of a second. DIY Faraday Cage. , 1 T. But fire isn't for everyone. Tape if you need it. An anti EMP device is designed to protect electronic equipment from the effects of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP). To produce the. High-quality EMF Shielding Paint for blocking EMF and RF from Cell Towers, Smart Meters, WIFI, Microwave and Bluetooth Devices. 4. 2. BUILD YOUR OWN CUSTOM FARADAY CAGE! *Box and Faraday Materials list/links/instructions below**EMP Sh. . 4 William Graham, Testimony before the House Armed Services Committee, Jul 10, 2008. These components can be found at your local hardware store. Most preppers already know that the basic EMP proof tool to protect your electric and electronic devices is a Faraday cage. M. WHAT CAN BE DONE TO PROTECT ELECTRONICSThe aluminum foil will have completely blocked the WiFI signal and eliminated the EMF radiation. Essentially what a router guard is, is a small faraday cage custom built to house a home WiFi router. What electromagnetic threats require protection? There are three main threats that we are working to protect against: The first one is a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse, which is a weapon that is detonated above 19 miles and produces an electromagnetic pulse over a wide area. SDSB1175C is one type; about $300 at spectrumsuperstore. Once you’ve created a satisfactorily thick loop, remove the object. Anti-Aging Tips for Your Skin. Next click the button on the side, there should be a spark gap now between the poles and the wires, you should see a small. MIL-STD-188-125-1 iii 7. The cage will do its job just fine without being grounded. CuPro-Cote EMR Shielding Paint. New black metal design making the device even more durable and weather resistant. . They are the ONLY product that can protect systems reliably BECASUE their unit monitors voltage specifically and shunts an overvoltage faster than current and amperage can build and damage microprocessors. These myths include misconceptions about using microwaves for EMP protection and the possibility of homemade protection methods. Create Space. This is the origin of the idea that cars built during and after the 1980s aren’t EMP-safe. Aluminum Pressure Cooker Faraday Cage. 5” storage area secured with a Velcro closure, and only adds 10. Virtually all major MIL-Spec circulars can be incorporated with filter devices. Since a box is still not enough to protect everything that might get broken by an EMP (solar panels included), here comes the question about EMP-proofing bigger spaces and even a whole buildingHow to Test It. The EMP protection testing starts at about 28 minutes if you want to scroll forward. Here is a description and pic of my "homemade" unit:The Haftigts Store Faraday Bag Kits are military-grade enclosures designed to provide 24/7 EMP protection for your devices. -B, and 2 Vehicle Ferrites. You can simply build one. Made with tear-resistant aluminized polyester. Claims have included (but are not limited to): Teslas can protect you from a bioweapons attack. Do the same on the inside part of the lid using duct tape to attach securely. These reports are all listed on their website with links to the source. The electromagnetic interference. The locking lid is a bonus although I would still seal the edges with 2” duct tape. Let’s say your home is 1,500 square feet. One trusty light source that is a perfect fit for EMP readiness is the classic, liquid-fueled lantern. Follow the steps below to build a Faraday cage: Seal the inside of the bucket and lid with tape. If you're hit by an EMP from a ground burst nuke, the good news is the heat and fire and pressure wave will be a bigger problem. The cocoon creates a cage that blocks out radio waves, which are a kind of wave in EMF. Finally, each person you hope to connect with (within 70 – 100 miles) must be on the same page as one another. Ron introduces the EMP shield and is offering a $50 voucher coupon to help save you money on this device that will protect you from lightning strikes HEMP or. ( 119 customer reviews) $ 509. The U. Emp Survival. Last week, the EMP Task Force on National and Homeland Security issued a scary report on China’s ability to conduct an Electromagnetic Pulse attack on the. Our first option may actually be the simplest to implement. Your peak resonance for the. Updated Sep 28, 2022 at 2:32pm. 300000000). Glue another wire of coil near the another terminal of the capacitor at a distance of 2 mm or less than it. 10pc kit: two 12×18 bags, three 8×10 bags, and five 5×7 bags. . If you need to sleep with your phone, an anti-radiation shield like our SYB Picture Frame is a great solution. P. While many experts don't think EMPs pose a big. Rocking Technology from the 1800s. 6052; FREE SHIPPING FOR ALL ORDERS OVER $250. Check for EMP protection ratings for certain types of equipment or wiring that you plan to add to or modify in your home. BEST MIDRANGE: Schneider Electric Square D HEPD80 Surge Protection. Emp Weapon Schematics. An EMP or HEMP (high altitude EMP) usually occurs in a broadband nature. This is an enclosure made of a conducting material, such as metal, that protects the contents from electromagnetic fields. All the COUPONS - Shield - (LLOD for $50 off) - sell devices that protect your vehicle, your home,. Read the chapter here. Emp Protection. The past several months have seen successive tests of missiles, with a nuclear test as well (Friday 9/9/16) by North Korea. It features an attenuation of 80 dB at 1 GHz, 0/07 mm thickness, 80g/m 2 weight, 220 N/mm tensile strength, and length of 30 m roll / 100 m roll. A Faraday cage is an enclosure that shields against the entry or escape of electromagnetic fields. New LED indicator draws 150x less energy (18. By comparison, the U. The X2 bag. Add to cart. These parts would then need to be stored in a Faraday Cage, to protect them from the EMP. Our custom made Shielded Cabinets & Containers are designed to meet all shielding attenuation RF (Radio Frequency) & EMP (Electro Magnetic Pulse) protection requirements. To apply it properly means you need a minimum of two coats, preferably three; it must be continuous (no gaps), and it should be properly grounded. Get FREE email alerts of the most important BANNED videos in the world that are usually blacklisted by YouTube, Facebook. The pulse may rise to its peak value (up to, possibly 50KV per square meter) in about 5 nanoseconds (0. Take the cardboard and cut it out so that it is securing the inside of the metal trash can. P. Air Force is looking for ways to better protect its B-2 Spirit bombers from a future electromagnetic pulse, or EMP, attack, according to a solicitation posted on the government's. 2. Same. This can happen even if the generator itself is not directly exposed to the EMP. A GMD, meanwhile, can be caused when a solar. There are several ways to protect against an EMP attack. View on Amazon. HEMP-unique acceptance and verification test techniques are provided in10PC PREMIUM PREPPER KIT: 5 x [5”x7”], 3 x [8”x10”], 2 x [12”x18”]. 173 Share 4. The field strength of the EMP. Tape shut, then wrap the entire box with 2 layers of foil. Navy Office of Legislative Affairs. Step 3: Let's Make EMP Gun. A. One part of the nuclear risk which gets glossed over is Electromagnetic Pulse or EMP. Breathable, solvent free, low-odor, low-emission and low VOC. Prepping for an EMP. 1 Overview Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) threats pose a unique and critical danger to vital public infrastructure, military equipment and facilities, and hardware. There is no warning or indication of EMP prior to its occurrence, and there is no way to “finish prepping” once it occurs. 7. There’s a red wire on the right side of each packet. Dupont, “Panel Sa ys Society At Great Risk From Electomagnetic Pulse Attack,” Inside the Pentagon, July 15, 2004, p. EMC Chambers. The electric fence charger circuit presented here is basically a high voltage pulse generator. Yes, solar panels need to be protected from electromagnetic pulses (EMP) in order to prevent damaging the cells within them and to ensure they will continue to provide energy as intended. In other words, short of a massive solar flare, only a nuclear explosion or purpose-built EMP would create the kind of pulse needed to cause the shutdown effect to occur. Disconnect it. To protect against potential damage from an EMP, it is possible to place an EMP shield around the. 1 There are many sources of EMP including high altitude nuclear detonations, solar storms, nuclear ground detonations, and RF weapons. The Faraday cage can help to protect whatever electrical equipment is contained within. The simple answer is maybe. An electromagnetic field, often referred to as an EMF, is born when electrons begin to accelerate. EMP: Electro-Magnetic Proof. Panels left disconnected will most likely survive an EMP. They work by enclosing a container in a layer of conductive material ( usually a metal). R. EMP Shield – Vehicle EMP Protection 12 Volt DC for Car and Truck (DC-12V-WV) Lightning, Solar Flare, and Surge. For my own electronics, I am placing the most critical in one of the Faraday bags and then inside a second container. An EMP strike(s) are thousands of times more powerful and quicker than a lightning strike, sosss special breakers and clamps are needed to defeat the effects. This might disturb the initial frequency of the system that you might have set for the jamming purpose. It happens faster than the blink of an eye. , the world leader in EMP protection technology. EMPs are rapid, invisible, and often unpredictable bursts of energy that is produced by a nuclear detonation, powerful natural solar events or EMP bombs. scale, high-altitude EMP attack could. To protect an older good gen set, just enclose it in a metal clad box (tin foil will work) 3 to 5 feet away from wires. . Pros. Tec Dev makes a great product that is a really nice size. The origin of an EMP can be natural or artificial, and can occur as an electromagnetic field, as an electric field, as a magnetic field, or as a conducted electric current. The container receives the EMP pulse and conducts it around the outside, protecting the contents of the container from the EMP pulse. R. The intensity of electromagnetic energy decreases with space from the source. A HEMP is a high amplitude short duration, broadband pulse of electromagnetic energy. More Rates. High Altitude Nuclear Explosion – EMP Protection. 24% APR. You also get 45 inches of shielding tape for free, making this one of the best values online for purchasing RF/EMF shielding fabric. The EMP that is disbursed in a high altitude nuclear blast is not anywhere close to. I hit the homemade EMP vehicle protector with some transient high voltages from a stun gun and get some good results! Keywords. The ideal solution would be not having WiFi, and hardwiring computer in your home, but for many people, the inconvenience of this is too great to bear, and I get it. EMPs. You’ll at least want a book that can. By Device. Meters (405 sq. How to Protect Against EMPs. Therefore, if possible, keep your laptop or tablet elevated with the screen at least this distance from the body when using it. Anti-Aging Tips for Your Skin. Thanks. 2. Emp Generator Designs. 5 Retractable Steel Claws. Regardless of which camp you fall into, the bigger. L. The Ultimate Guide to Faraday Bags and EMP Protection: Safeguarding Your Electronics in an Era of Increasing Electromagnetic Dangers. Learn how to make your own extremely effective Faraday cage box from cheap easy to find materials. In the case of laptop computers, for example, a distance of just one foot has been shown to decrease EMF strength by about 80%. Really, the best EMP protection is turning a metal trash can (with lid) into a Faraday Cage. Once they are connected to the rest of the system there may be negative effects from surges through the connected systems. dirt bikes and off-road motorcycles. Feet)Further, I also read DHS’s Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Protection and Resilience Guidelines for Critical Infrastructure and Equipment and EMP Shield is listed as a vendor supplying EMP rated filters and suppressors. This high-altitude EMP (also known as HEMP) effect couples to and canThis kit contains 1 Concealed EMP Shield and 3 House Ferrites, providing lightning and EMP protection. The device works by absorbing, reflecting, and/or dissipating the EMP pulse before it can reach sensitive electronic components and cause damage. I am guessing the only real way to know if the homemade methods we attempt to protect from an EMP will work will be. Build Emp. 1 / 9. The bag itself has an outer layer constructed of ballistic nylon to make it extremely durable. Dr. Cover the inside of the lid with aluminum foil. shield to cover your vehicle. You can make a Faraday cage easily and cheaply with metal chicken wire or foil. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. com ). See also Homemade Wooden Gardening and Hay Forks. 98%) one layer, 44dB (effectiveness of 99. EMP stands for Electromagnetic Pulse, which is a burst of electromagnetic radiation. Designed with both noise reduction and weather protection in mind, ZombieBox enclosures can be used in applications where noise and weather is a concern. Rated 4. Remove the handles. This powerpoint presentation covers really well what happens during a high-altitude EMP event with charts and diagrams. It is tested and certified to MIL-STD 188-125 specs, has an 18” x 14. Once wrapped in plastic, dress the item further in about 4 to 5 layers of heavy-duty aluminum foil. By no means is this meant to be an all inclusive guide on how to protect large amounts of electronics. Learn how to make your own extremely effective Faraday cage box from cheap. Firefighting equipment and camping gear should be in your fallout room, and any comforts you have space for. The parts list is as follows: 1project box. S. Up to 228,000 Amps. Add to cart. Just place the SYB Picture Frame on your night stand, between your phone and your body. You would need to store these parts in a Faraday Cage, but once the threat is over, you can simply replace any electronics that have been affected. P. This makes it critical to protect your valuable electronics, especially in the event of a nuclear explosion or a major solar storm. Certificates as high as 5. ReadyNutrition Readers, there have been a tremendous number of world happenings that has placed all of us in a precarious situation. BEST BANG FOR THE BUCK: Eaton CHSPT2SURGE SPD Type 2 Surge Protector. Adjust the right side 22p trimmer such that the meter reads around a maximum of 3V on the meter. This makes it critical to protect your valuable electronics, especially in the event of a nuclear explosion or a major solar storm. Method 3: Testing Your Faraday Cage With a Cell Phone. If you are using an aluminum trash can, skip this step. NESTing offers enhanced protection by placing multiple metallic layers between electronic devices and the threat of EMP/HEMP/CME events and their damaging aftermath. Among the issues being examined are how cybersecurity and physical attacks could be combined with EMP to create disruption. I start a homemade emp protector but, I am still waiting for components to come in. The most effective way is to build a Faraday cage, which is essentially an enclosure made of a conductive material that blocks electric fields and prevents disruption of electrical devices within it. EMP PROTECTION PLAN TO PROTECT YOUR ELECTRONICS. You Desperately Need An EMP Protection Plan Why? Because a massive electromagnetic pulse attack is a very real possibility. We want a solid shield of protection, and that is why we rely on foil instead of mesh whenever possible. A metal roof or. The conventional wisdom is that if your car relies on any delicate electronics, it would be toast in the wake of an EMP attack. While running the air conditioner and internal power (lights, microwave, ext. Tape if you need it. These conductive materials are metals like copper, aluminum, and iron. Rearrange the wires so you can close the radio and reattach the screws. 2. Wrap the lid with two layers of foil and press to hold in place. Won’t Work After an EMP. It is an eruption of electromagnetic radiation. an ole metal surplus ammo crate is the same way. Find a metal box or container (like a trashcan) and line the inside with plastic wrap. (like a knight's leather pads) Entire buildings used to be covered in this during the cold war as an attempt to protect them from potential EMPs. The bag completely blocks wireless signals, which is how it performs so well for security and EMP protection. Lightning Protection. The electrons from an EMP rains down on the plant. Set the can on wood or cardboard, not touching any other metal. All Phases an EMP (E1, E2, & E3) Solar Flares. This Ferrite Bundle includes TWO large 1" Inner Diameter Broadband Ferrites and SIX 0. The solenoid is the "antenna", discharge a large enough capacitor, and you have a nasty EMP. face down to protect exposed skin from the heat and flying debris. Use a steel garbage can with a lid. Coolest Thing Made in Kansas Winner!. Faraday Enclosures. Master the essentials of Faraday bags and EMP protection with our in-depth guide, and safeguard your electronics from rising electromagnetic threats in today’s interconnected. A capacitor bank for an EMP should have capacitors linked together in parallel. 2017-09-01 - By Jim Jeffries The far-reaching effects of an electromag­netic pulse (EMP), caused by the massive release of energy from a major solar flare or an atmospheri­c nuclear blast, can render useless many of the electronic devices we rely on every day. FEMA P-2149/March 2018. P. This skin redirects any external electrical fields. The range of such an attack is outstanding. 109-163, Section 1052, reestablishes the EMP commission. Purpose. EMP Protection Guidelines UNCLASSIFIED . Check the current price on Amazon. Basic DIY EMP protection you can try at home Use tinfoil. Emp Generator Designs. I have been a fan of SafeSleeve’s line of products for a while, not only because of the quality but also because of the level of customer service they provide. Penhall on February 12, 2016. This outer layer creates a “protective skin. However, existing EMP protection facilities are manufactured as fixed-weight structures, which limit the mobility of military. Available in all shapes and sizes. All you need is two or three paper towels (or something non conductive to wrap around the device you want to protect), aluminum foil, and the electrical. Emp Weapon Schematics. The EMP isn’t dangerous, but it destroys electronics such as telephone wires, electrical plants, radios, and electronic devices. Get one from SafeSleeve here. Make sure that the foil doesn’t have any holes or rips. A metal roof or. With the lid overlapping the way it does I can't see much getting in. The paint offers almost constant attenuation, without preferred direction of polarization, for frequencies of up to 18 GHz. Another astable is used to control the pulses supplied to the fence. December 23, 2022 by Skystream Energy. I plan to make an instructable of it soon. S. An EMP attack is potentially one of the most severe, paradigm shifting threats facing the modern world today, especially advanced nations like the United States and much of Europe. When compared to the cute little spectrums of radio frequencies, 5G’s radiation spectrum is a beast. Share Tweet Pin 11. The following are the specifics. Its EMF-blocking properties, as well as its affordability, make it an excellent material for use in attenuating unwanted EMF radiation. From space-based research to new efforts that could protect power stations against an EMP attack, science is fighting to keep our power grid online. . In an EMP attack or a massive solar flare, all of your electronics equipment will be fried by the electro-magnetic pulse. Here's how to make a simple faraday bag or EMP bag. FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE S&T Public Affairs, 202-254-2385 CISA Public Affairs FEMA Public Affairs. Line the can in cardboard, make sure to cover every inch, including the lid. EMP weapons are also used to disable electrical systems prior to a broader attack. They also go by the name of "frequency jammers" & "EMP jammers". . December 23, 2022 by Skystream Energy. For example, if you had six capacitors at 650uf 400V each in parallel, your final capacitance and voltage would be 3900uf 400V. It’s lights out for good the next second after an EMP attack. 8. A new report from the Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Directorate says critical infrastructure sectors need to harden physical protection for mission-critical equipment ranging from servers and equipment for cloud service providers to electricity and emergency alert systems. Emp Generator Designs. Place your wrapped items in cardboard boxes. Milgram CD – Buy now at EMP – More Bands available online - Unbeatable prices! Skip to main content Women Men Kids & Teens EMP - Music, Movie, TV & Gaming Merch - Alternative ClothingHomemade 72 Hour Emergency Food Supply Kits. 5 inches high, 7. Resilient power grid and energy infrastructure and including EMP protected Power and HVAC systems remain operable and ensure equipment maintains a certain temperature for optimal function 3. For more information about dirty bombs, radiation, and health, contact: The Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD) at 502-227-4543. 0 UNCLASSIFIED v Document hange History The table below identifies the major changes in each version of these EMP Protection Guidelines. Many scientists have found it is possible for an EMP wave to last for 15 to 20 minutes within the atmosphere (the ionosphere, to be exact). Get the Mag. With sometimes millions of dollars or human life at stake, our enclosures provide additional security and protection against EMP emissions, machinery eves dropping, and various types of RF. EMP Protection Systems. January 28, 2019. Rarely anything more than a protective enclosure for a wick in an oil cistern, lanterns are easy to carry, easy to set about handily, and plenty. 00. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) at 202-646-4600. Besides, sometimes it is a good idea to get away from the electronics that dominate our world and experience nature again. 2. Total price: Add all 3 to Cart. Place a small stone or object in the very center of the sheet above the whole. Bend two layers of foil over the base of the bucket and fold down around the sides. The most effective metal for protecting against an Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) is aluminum. 3) Install an EMP Shield. To create a more sturdy cage,. Buy an E. Use these on your vehicle to protect it from transients-like load changes, lightning strikes, conducted transients, and even an EMP. EMP. The silver thread blocks up to 99. The Ham RF model EMP Shield provides complete and tested protection from Electromagnetic Pulses (EMP), Coronal Mass Ejection (CME), Lightning, and All Forms of Power Surges. Your backup electronics must be protected against dust, rain, dirt, oils, and other nastiness. A.